JET A
Jet A specification fuel has been used in the United States since the 1950s and is usually not available outside the United States and a few Canadian airports such as Toronto and Vancouver, whereas Jet A-1 is the standard specification fuel used in the rest of the world other than the former Soviet states where TS-1 is the most common standard. Both Jet A and Jet A-1 have a flash point higher than 38 °C (100 °F), with an autoignition temperature of 210 °C (410 °F).
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN JET A AND JET A-1
The primary difference is the lower freezing point of A-1:
The other difference is the mandatory addition of an anti-static additive to Jet A-1.
Jet A trucks, storage tanks, and plumbing that carry Jet A are marked with a black sticker with "Jet A" in white printed on it, adjacent to another black stripe.
Typical physical properties for Jet A and Jet A-1
Jet A-1 fuel must meet:
Jet A fuel must reach ASTM specification D1655 (Jet A)
Typical physical properties for Jet A / Jet A-1
Flash point 38 °C (100 °F)
Autoignition temperature 210 °C (410 °F)
Freezing point −47 °C (−53 °F) −40 °C (−40 °F)
Max adiabatic burn temperature 2,500 K (2,230 °C) (4,040 °F) open air burn temperature: 1,030 °C (1,890 °F)
Density at 15 °C (59 °F) 0.804 kg/l (6.71 lb/US gal) 0.820 kg/l (6.84 lb/US gal)
Specific energy 42.80 MJ/kg (11.90 kWh / kg) 43.02 MJ/kg (11.95 kWh / kg)
Energy density 34.7 MJ/L (9.6 kWh / L) 35.3 MJ/L (9.8 kWh / L)
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